Lyme Disease, Multiple Mosquito bites cause Lyme Disease (ticks too!)

Multiple Mosquito bites cause Lyme Disease (ticks too!)

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<jjstev.. #1 / 8	Multiple Mosquito bites cause Lyme Disease (ticks too!) Avoid mosquitoes. The government does not understand LD. Wear protection from mosquitoes. You are all being bit but you do not pay attention to the bites because everyone says its the ticks. It's mosquitoes!
Fri, 20 Jan 2006 10:51:57 GMT

PatgCoutu #2 / 8	Multiple Mosquito bites cause Lyme Disease (ticks too!) I think you're right. Lyme can be transmitted by ticks, mosquitoes, and even dragonflies. Indeed, I spoke with a lyme patient out East who developed an immediate lyme rash when bitten by a dragonfly. And, who knows what else might transmit diseases that now are generally blamed on ticks alone.
Sat, 21 Jan 2006 02:31:22 GMT

JWissmil #3 / 8	Multiple Mosquito bites cause Lyme Disease (ticks too!) source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases . Vol. 154, No. 2 . August 1986. title: "The Etiologic Agent of Lyme Disease in Deer Flies, Horse flies, and Mosquitoes" authors: Louis A. Magnarelli, John F. Anderson, Alan G. Barbour "...Discussion This is the first report of B. burgdorferi in horse flies, deer flies and mosquitoes. ....the number of infected deer flies and horse flies varied with the species and sampling areas....Also, like mosquitoes and other biting insects, the {filter}- feeding behavior of female tabanids differs within and between species, and infection may be correlated , in part, with the quantities of {filter} ingested....... ......Serological studies of mammals and identification of B. burgdorferi have established that this agent is widely distributed within given habitats in the United States and that closely related strains exist in Europe. The presence of this bacterium in tabanids and mosquitoes increases the risk of Lyme disease in tick infested areas. these and other {filter} sucking arthropods should recieve further consideration in ecological and epidemiological studies of this disease and of related disorders. ..." from : Taber's Medical Dictionary Tabanids--a member of the dipterous family Tabanidae. Tabinidae- A family of insects belonging to the order Diptera. It includes horseflies, gadflies, deer flies, and mango flies, all {filter}sucking insects that attack humans and other warm-{filter}ed animals. Tabanidae is important because flies serve in the transmission of the filaria worm, Loa loa, tularemia, anthrax and other diseases. Their bites are extremely painful and heal with difficulty. ___________________________ ".........Studies have demonstrated that deerflies, horseflies, and mosquitos can carry the B. burgdorferi spirochete......." source: Lyme Disease and Its Neurological Complications author Michael F. Finkle, MD source: Archives of Neurol--Vol. 45, Jan 1986 ".....in some parts of the United States, 100% of the examined ticks have been infected............. "...Ticks species that are themselves infected to a higher degree will increase the reservoir pool among the different animal species and increase the likelihood that human beings will become infected.(21,22,28-33) Studies also indicate that birds can serve as hosts...... .and thus act as reservoirs for B. burgdorferi. The bird reservoir allows for long distance dispersal of the spirochete within and between continents.........Studies have demonstrated that deerflies, horseflies, and mosquitos can carry the B. burgdorferi spirochete....The percentage of infected flies increases in areas where I. dammini is present. Therefore, these flies are probably serving as secondary vectors....." [I. dammini was name the given to the deer tick I. scapularis-- for a short time --someone thought it was a new species] "An additonal concern for clinicians is the possibility that the ..tick may simulataneously expose an individual to two organisms that can present with central nervous system symptoms. Cases have been reported in Wisconsin and New York of people with direct infection as well as antibodies against both the Babesia microti organism and the B. burgdorferi spirochete." (104-106) ______________________________ Infection 1999;27(4-5):275-7 Related Articles, Books Isolation of Borrelia afzelii from overwintering Culex pipiens biotype molestus mosquitos. Halouzka J, Wilske B, Stunzner D, Sanogo YO, Hubalek Z Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno. [Medline record in process] During the years 1995-1996, a total of 1,743 overwintering Culex pipiens biotype molestus female mosquitoes were tested for the presence of spirochetes in several localities in South Moravia, Czech Republic.The spirochetes were observed in 5% of the mosquitoes investigated. One of the five isolated strains of spirochetes (BR-84) was identified as Borrelia afzelii. The potential role of mosquitoes in the ecology and epidemiology of Lyme disease (LD) borreliae should be further investigated. PMID: 10885843, UI: 20340391 ________________________ Title: Investigation of haematophagous [{filter} sucking] arthropods for borreliae--summarized data, 1988-1996. Authors: Hubalek Z, Halouzka J, Juricova Z Source: Folia Parasitol (Praha) 1998;45(1):67-72 Organization: Institute of Landscape Ecology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Abstract: {filter}-sucking arthropods, collected in South Moravia, Czech Republic, were examined by darkfield microscopy for borreliae from 1988 to 1996. Among host-seeking ixodid ticks (8481 Ixodes ricinus (L.), 372 Dermacentor reticulatus (Fabr.), 167 Haemaphysalis concinna Koch), borreliae were only observed in {filter} (23.2%), nymphal (17.2%) and larval (6.3%) I. ricinus. The prevalence of borreliae in I. ricinus did not vary considerably among habitats except for lower values in agroecosystems, xerothermic oak woods and grasslands. The frequency of intensity of spirochaetal infection (log10 counts of borreliae per tick) in I. ricinus approximated the negative binomial distribution. The proportions of host-seeking female and nymphal ticks containing > 100 borreliae were 5.0% and 1.7%, respectively. Among preimaginal ticks (749 I. ricinus, 222 D. reticulatus, 82 H. concinna) parasitizing free-living forest birds and small mammals, borreliae were detected in 6.1% of larval and 10.3% of nymphal I. ricinus, and in one larval H. concinna; 3.2% of the birds and 19.4% of the mammals carried infected ticks. Among 3464 female mosquitoes (Culicidae) of 6 species, 4.1% contained spirochaetes: 1.4% of Aedes vexans Meig., 1.3% of A. cantans (Meig.), 2.2% of A. sticticus (Meig.), 2.2% of Culex pipiens pipiens L. and 5.9% of C. p. molestus Forskal. Borreliae were also detected in 8.4% of 142 fleas (Siphonaptera, largely Ctenophthalmus agyrtes Heller and Hystrichopsylla talpae Curtis) collected from small mammals. Twelve isolates of B. burgdorferi sensu lato have been identified to genospecies: 6 strains from I. ricinus (4 Borrelia garinii Baranton et al., 1 B. afzelii Canica et al. and 1 B. lusitaniae Le Fleche et al.), 1 strain from A. vexans (B. afzelii), 2 strains from C. agyrtes (B. afzelii), and 3 strains from host rodents (B. afzelii). Language: Eng Unique ID: 98178065 ________________ "...... The potential role of mosquitoes in the epidemiology of Lyme borreliosis should be investigated..." Title: Isolation of the spirochaete Borrelia afzelii from the mosquito Aedes vexans in the Czech Republic. Authors: Halouzka J, Postic D, Hubalek Z Source: Med Vet Entomol 1998 Jan;12(1):103-5 Organization: Institute of Landscape Ecology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. Abstract: During the years 1993-1995, a total of 3580 culicine mosquitoes of six species were collected in South Moravia, Czech Republic, and examined by dark-field microscopy for the presence of borreliae. Females of Aedes cantans, Ae. sticticus, Ae. vexans, Culex pipiens and Cx pipiens biotype molestus (but not Ae. geniculatus or Culiseta annulata) harboured spirochaetes, the frequencies ranging from 0.7% to 7.8%. One isolate (BR-53) from Ae. vexans was identified as Borrelia afzelii genospecies. The potential role of mosquitoes in the epidemiology of Lyme borreliosis should be investigated. Language: Eng Unique ID: 98175133 ________________________ Title: The review of studies in vector ecology in Russia. Authors: Nikolaeva N Source: Bull Inst Marit Trop Med Gdynia 1996;47(1-4):73-83 Organization: Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ekaterinburg, Russia. Abstract: Studies on the vector ecology conducted in the Ural Region and elsewhere in the former Soviet Union and in Russia in the years 1970-1995, are reviewed. For many years, the information on the incidence of parasitic and vector-borne diseases in the Soviet Union was not available. The recently published data indicated that the actual figures for these diseases were many times higher than those which were officially reported. Language: Eng Unique ID: 97255720 _______________________ ".......Transmitted by deer ticks, mosquitoes, and deer flies...." Title: Ocular lyme disease. Authors: Hunt L Source: Insight 1996 Jun;21(2):56-7 Organization: Abstract: Lyme disease is reported from all over the United States. Transmitted by deer ticks, mosquitoes, and deer flies, it affects numerous organ systems. All age groups are vulnerable to this disease and must be educated about early signs and symptoms to speed diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Language: Eng Unique ID: 97112806 _____________________ source: Lyme Disease 1991 Patient/Physician Perspectives from the U.S. and Canada Skin Manifestations of Lyme Disease by John Drulle M.D. "Since Lyme disease is a widely disseminated, multi-organ system disease, skin involvement is common, and occurs in about half of those infected....... "The pathognomonic (diagnostic) rash of early Lyme is called EM(erythema migrans--in Latin LErythema means redness, and migrans means migratory or expanding). It usually appears at the site of the tick, flea, fly, or mosquito bite several days to a year or more later. (It was recently reported that 18% of the cases of Lyme in Austria are due to bites of non-tick vectors such as flies and perhaps mosquitos. Borrelia burgdorferi -Lyme spirochete- has been isolated from these insects.) The fact that one half of people who develope Lyme do not recall a tick bite may be partially explained by non-tick vectors. _________________________________ " ' The mosquito that carries the virus - Culex pipiens - is 'the most common species in urban areas,' Fish says. ' It is almost like a{filter}roach.' " An extra from Durland Fish: Here are some quotes from USA Today about the West Nile virus - Sept. 29 page 1 " ' It's a good possibility the ... read more »
Sat, 21 Jan 2006 08:24:41 GMT

Chuck P Ada #4 / 8	Multiple Mosquito bites cause Lyme Disease (ticks too!) Quote: >Date: 8/3/2003 10:51 PM Eastern Daylight Time >Avoid mosquitoes. The government does not understand LD. Wear protection >from mosquitoes. You are all being bit but you do not pay attention to the >bites because everyone says its the ticks. It's mosquitoes! Does the Hospital know you escaped?
Tue, 24 Jan 2006 09:01:54 GMT

Chuck P Ada #5 / 8	Multiple Mosquito bites cause Lyme Disease (ticks too!) Quote: >Date: 8/4/2003 2:31 PM Eastern >I spoke with a lyme patient out East who developed an >immediate lyme rash when bitten by a dragonfly LMAO.... This has to be a joke
Tue, 24 Jan 2006 09:03:09 GMT

Kathle #6 / 8	Multiple Mosquito bites cause Lyme Disease (ticks too!) Quote: > >Date: 8/4/2003 2:31 PM Eastern > >I spoke with a lyme patient out East who developed an > >immediate lyme rash when bitten by a dragonfly > LMAO.... > This has to be a joke Magnarelli and Barbour published that Mosquitoes Horseflies, and Deerflies carry Bb. J Infect Dis. 1986 Aug;154(2):355-8. Related Articles, Links The etiologic agent of Lyme disease in deer flies, horse flies, and mosquitoes. Magnarelli LA, Anderson JF, Barbour AG. PMID: 2873190 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Thu, 26 Jan 2006 02:36:25 GMT

JWissmil #7 / 8	Multiple Mosquito bites cause Lyme Disease (ticks too!) Infection of aquatic insects with trematode metacercariae carrying Ehrlichia risticii, the cause of Potomac horse fever. J Med Entomol 2000 Jul;37(4):619-25 (ISSN: 0022-2585) Chae JS; Pusterla N; Johnson E; Derock E; Lawler SP; Madigan JE College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Chonju, Korea. We provide evidence of Ehrlichia risticii Holland, the agent of Potomac horse fever, in trematode stages found in aquatic insects collected from a pasture stream in northern California, using nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and sequence analyses of the 16S rRNA, 51 kDa major antigen and groEL heat shock protein genes. E. risticii was detected in metacercariae found in the immatures and {filter}s of the following insects: caddisflies (Trichoptera), mayflies (Ephemeroptera), damselflies (Odonata, Zygoptera), dragonflies (Odonata, Anisoptera), and stoneflies (Plecoptera). The prevalence of E. risticii was 31.9% (n = 454 individuals) in aquatic insects (13 of 17 species were positive). Prevalence within orders was as follows: 43.5% (n = 207) in caddisflies, 15.2% (n = 92) in mayflies, 13.9% (n = 115) in damselflies, 10.0% (n = 10) in dragonflies, and 80.0% (n = 30) in stoneflies. This study demonstrates a broad intermediate host range for trematodes that act as vector for E. risticii. Insects are likely to play an important role in the epidemiology of this disease.
Sat, 28 Jan 2006 09:52:03 GMT

JWissmil #8 / 8	Multiple Mosquito bites cause Lyme Disease (ticks too!) Infection status of dragonflies with Plagiorchis muris metacercariae in Korea. Korean J Parasitol (Korea 1999 Jun;37(2):65-70 (ISSN: 0023-4001) Hong SJ; Woo HC; Lee SU; Huh S Department of Parasitology, Chung-Ang University Faculty of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. Plagiorchis muris has been found in both house and field rats as well as in humans. The infection status of the second intermediate hosts of P. muris is prerequisite in understanding their biological features in an ecosystem. Six species of dragonflies were caught in a wide range of areas in Korea; and they were Sympetrum darwinianum, S. {filter}um, S. pedomontanum, S. infuscatum, Pantala flavoscens, Calopteryx atrata, and Orthetrum albistylum speciosum. The occurrence of P. muris metacercariae in dragonflies was nationwide with various infection rates. The metacercarial burden of P. muris in the surveyed areas was the highest in S. {filter}um followed by S. darwinianum, S. pedomontanum, and C. atrata. The highest infection rate by P. muris metacercariae was found in S. darwinianum followed by S. {filter}um. The metacercarial burden was particularly heavy in the dragonflies found in Hamyang-gun and Kosong-gun, Kyongsangnam-do. It is, therefore, likely that dragonflies play a significant role as the second intermediate host in the life cycle of P. muris in Korea.
Sat, 28 Jan 2006 09:58:01 GMT

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